It appears that the laws of most states mandate that non-residents aliens of US states (with no proof of American citizenship) are issued non-resident drivers licenses which have that status printed on them. Thus, a drivers license ID requirement for voting would make that clear to an election judge.
It appears that one cannot get a drivers license in Missouri or Kansas without presenting proof of citizenship, residency in the state, immigration papers, or a passport. Non-residents aliens must have a valid drivers license from their country of origin, which would also prove their status as non-residents aliens, and they would then be issued a non-resident drivers license.
A non-resident drivers license, or number, would not be accepted for voter registration.
http://www.dmv.org/mo-missouri/apply-license.php
According to Missouri law, anyone who applies for a new license or renews a current license must provide proof of their identity, residency, and lawful presence in the United States. If you are a first-time driver, you must also take with you a Driver Examination Record (DOR-100) indicating successful completion of your tests. (The DOR-100 is not required if you're applying for a non-driver ID card.)
Testing for a MO DL.
“Show Me Proof” became effective July 1, 2005, and affects all Missouri driver license, nondriver license, and instruction permit holders. There are three primary requirements:
Proof of Lawful Presence
Proof of Identity
Proof of Residency
To show proof of lawful presence, a U.S. Citizen may show a birth certificate issued by a state or local government (with an embossed or raised seal), a valid or expired U.S. passport, a Certificate of Citizenship, Certificate of Naturalization, or a Certificate of Birth Abroad. Proof of lawful presence is a requirement. Exemption: Missourians age 65 or older who are renewing a driver license or nondriver license are NOT required to show proof of lawful presence. This exemption does not pertain to those age 65 or older who are obtaining a license for the first time or have a license expired for more than 184 days.
To show proof of identity, a Social Security card or Medicare card with your current name can be presented. If your name on the Social Security card or Medicare card does not match your current name, additional documents must be presented to supply proof of your name change. A complete list of documents that will be accepted as proof of identity is available. After showing proof of identity, you will only need to present proof of identity on future renewals should your name change.
To show proof of residency, you have a variety of options to prove your current address. Examples include a recent utility bill (including phone, electric, gas, water, sewer, and cable), property tax receipt, or most recent bank statement, voter ID card, or any official letter issued within the last 30 days by another state or local governmental agency on its letterhead. Proof of residency will be required each time you apply to renew a driver license, nondriver license, or instruction permit. A complete list of documents that will be accepted as proof of residency is available. If you are under the age of 21 and cannot provide proof of residency, a parent or legal guardian may provide such a document on your behalf.
Non-U.S. citizens should examine the complete listing of acceptable documents for proof of lawful presence.
If you were born in Missouri and need to obtain a copy of your birth certificate, you may contact the Missouri Department of Health & Senior Services for assistance.
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Requirements for Non-Resident Aliens applying for drivers license in Missouri
http://www.dor.mo.gov/mvdl/drivers/idrequirements.pdf
If you are a new Missouri resident, you'll need to surrender your valid out-of-state license and provide proof of your identity, residency, and lawful presence in the United States. You'll need to complete a short vision screening and road sign test, but you won't need to take the written exam or driving skills test unless your previous license has been expired for more than 184 days.
Examples of voter proof of identity in Missouri:
http://www.sos.mo.gov/elections/voterid/default.asp
Rules for voting by provisional ballots in Missouri
http://www.sos.mo.gov/adrules/csr/curre ... 5c30-8.pdf
In the State of Kansas:
To register to vote in Kansas, you must provide a drivers license or immigration naturalization number on the form. If you are a non-resident alien or former alien who doesn't provide the naturalization number, it will become known when the drivers license number, and/or Social Security number, is verified because it will have non-resident status indicated.
Driver's License Information
Proof of Identity
Acceptable Documentation
A Social Security Number is required, however it will not be used as your driver license or ID card number. If a Social Security Number cannot be provided, documentation from list B proving lawful presence and a signed affidavit will be required. All documents presented must be the original or a certified copy; no photocopies will be accepted.
In addition to a verifiable Social Security Number, two of the following documents must be presented. One document must be from list A, and the second document must be from list A, B, C or D. If a valid photo Driver’s License (DL) issued by another state is used, a second document from list A, B, C or D will be required. Applicants presenting foreign documents must provide proof of lawful presence from list B, and a second document from lists C or D, and proof of residency is required.
A) Documentation for American Citizens or persons born in the United States:
Certified U.S. birth certificate (federal, state, county, Dept. of Justice and Bureau of Indian Affairs)
U. S. Passport (not expired)
U. S. Military ID (active duty, dependent, retired, reserve or National Guard)
Bureau of Indian Affairs Tribal Identification Card
Certified Order of Adoption-original U.S. document
Certificate of Naturalization with intact photo
Photo DL issued by a U.S. state (if expired, requires additional documentation)
B) Documentation for any other person: (All forms in this category must be valid and will require proof of residency)
Valid foreign passport with I-94 or valid “Processed for I-551” stamp (not expired)
I-94 with refugee status (passport not required)
Valid I-551 Resident Alien/Permanent resident card
Valid photo Temporary Resident and valid photo Employment Authorization
Valid U.S. Military ID (dependent)
C) Documentation for Proof of name:
Certified marriage certificate, U.S., city, county, state, or foreign issued (translation may be required); no church documents allowed
Certified divorce decree, U.S. or foreign, with official signature (translation may be required)
Certified court order of name change, U.S. or foreign, with official signature (translation may be required)
Valid U.S. Military ID (active duty, dependent, retired, reserve and National Guard)
Bureau of Indian Affairs Tribal ID card
Certified court order of adoption
Photo DL or ID card issued by a U.S. state (if expired requires additional documentation)
D) Additional Documentation to apply for a replacement Kansas DL or ID card:
Valid motor vehicle registration with signature
Selective Service Card with signature
Valid life insurance card or policy
Valid health insurance card or policy
Vehicle title
Diploma or GED
Professional license
Kansas welfare card with photo and signature
Valid Foreign DL (certified translation may be required)
Parole documents
Medical records
Kansas voter registration card
Church marriage certificate (not accepted to change name)
Photo DL issued by a U.S. state (if expired, requires additional documentation)
Foreign birth certificate (certified translation may be required, cannot be used as primary identification document)
May recite recent driving history to satisfaction of Examiner
E) Documents for Proof of Kansas Residency must be in the name of the applicant (this list is not all inclusive, other documents may work to provide proof of residency).
Kansas school forms; such as tuition invoices, receipts, class schedules, report cards, or transcripts with the applicant’s Kansas residential address; or, school, college or university records containing the student’s name and Kansas address
Kansas utility bills that display a Kansas address
Kansas property tax bill or receipt indicating a Kansas address
Kansas mortgage documents or homeowner insurance documents for a Kansas residence or proof of Kansas home ownership with a Kansas address
Kansas W-2 Form not more than 18 months old with the applicant’s name and Kansas address
Valid Kansas Motor Vehicle registration
Proof of Kansas public assistance with a Kansas address
Residential rental and/or lease agreement with a Kansas address
DE-56a (rev. 02/07)
There is no fifth destination.